Real-time scanning of IP addresses

ABSTRACT

Examples of the present disclosure describe systems and methods of providing real-time scanning of IP addresses. In aspects, input may be received by a real-time IP scanning system. The system may generate one or more work orders based on the input. A scanner associated with the system may access a work order and attempt to communicate with one or more devices identified by the work order. If the attempted communication with a device is successful, a protocol analyzer may be used to provide a predefined payload to the device. If the response from the device matches an expected string, the device may be determined to be a safe and/or legitimate device. If the response from the device does not match an expected string, the device may be determined to be a malicious device.

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a continuation of, and claims a benefit of priorityfrom U.S. patent application Ser. No. 15/063,590, filed Mar. 8, 2016,entitled “REAL-TIME SCANNING OF IP ADDRESSES,” issued as U.S. Pat. No.10,567,396, which is a conversion of and claims the benefit of priorityfrom U.S. Provisional Application No. 62/267,431 filed Dec. 15, 2015,which are hereby fully incorporated herein by reference for allpurposes.

BACKGROUND

Internet protocol (IP) and port scanning technologies provide theability to monitor and manage network systems. IP scanning technologiesallow users (e.g., system administrators, general user, etc.) toidentify IP addresses, ports, protocols and/or service to detect, forexample, malicious content and behavior. Typically, IP scanningtechnologies utilize methods that are time-consuming and resourceintensive. As a result, such technologies are unable to detect and/oridentify many harmful Internet entities that are present for a briefperiod of time, such as some phishing sites, botnets, open web proxies,etc.

It is with respect to these and other general considerations that theaspects disclosed herein have been made. Also, although relativelyspecific problems may be discussed, it should be understood that theexamples should not be limited to solving the specific problemsidentified in the background or elsewhere in this disclosure.

SUMMARY

This summary is provided to introduce a selection of concepts in asimplified form that are further described below in the DetailDescription section. This summary is not intended to identify keyfeatures or essential features of the claimed subject matter, nor is itintended to be used as an aid in determining the scope of the claimedsubject matter.

Examples of the present disclosure describe systems and methods ofproviding real-time scanning of IP addresses. In aspects, input may bereceived by a real-time IP scanning system. The system may generate oneor more work orders based on the input. A scanner associated with thesystem may access a work order and attempt to communicate with one ormore devices identified by the work order. If the attemptedcommunication with a device is successful, a protocol analyzer may beused to provide a predefined payload to the device. If the response fromthe device matches an expected string, the device may be determined tobe a safe and/or legitimate device. If the response from the device doesnot match an expected string, the device may be determined to be amalicious device.

This Summary is provided to introduce a selection of concepts in asimplified form that are further described below in the DetailedDescription. This Summary is not intended to identify key features oressential features of the claimed subject matter, nor is it intended tobe used to limit the scope of the claimed subject matter. Additionalaspects, features, and/or advantages of examples will be set forth inpart in the description which follows and, in part, will be apparentfrom the description, or may be learned by practice of the disclosure.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Non-limiting and non-exhaustive examples are described with reference tothe following figures.

FIG. 1 illustrates an overview of an example environment for providingreal-time scanning of IP addresses as described herein.

FIG. 2 illustrates an exemplary system for providing real-time scanningof IP addresses as described herein.

FIG. 3 illustrates an example method of providing real-time scanning ofIP addresses as described herein.

FIG. 4 illustrates one example of a suitable operating environment 400in which one or more of the present embodiments may be implemented.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Various aspects of the disclosure are described more fully below withreference to the accompanying drawings, which form a part hereof, andwhich show specific exemplary aspects. However, different aspects of thedisclosure may be implemented in many different forms and should not beconstrued as limited to the aspects set forth herein; rather, theseaspects are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough andcomplete, and will fully convey the scope of the aspects to thoseskilled in the art. Aspects may be practiced as methods, systems ordevices. Accordingly, aspects may take the form of a hardwareimplementation, an entirely software implementation or an implementationcombining software and hardware aspects. The following detaileddescription is, therefore, not to be taken in a limiting sense.

The present disclosure describe systems and methods of providingreal-time scanning of IP addresses. Real-time, as used herein, may referto a specified time frame that is in the order of milliseconds ormicroseconds. In examples, input may be received by an IP scanningsystem. In aspects, the input may be processed in a form such asvoice/utterance, text, handwritten input, and touch, among otherexamples. Further, the input may comprise user and/or client data,request data, timer data, device information (e.g., IP address, MACaddress, protocol data, port information, etc.), and the like. Thesystem may generate one or more work orders (e.g., job requests) basedon the input. In examples, a work order may comprise one or moreportions of the input, a work order identification, network data, andthe like. Further, the work orders may be immediately processed orstored for processing in one or more message queues or a data store,such as a database or file.

In some aspects, one or more scanners associated with the system mayaccess a work order and attempt to communicate with one or more devices,services, protocols and/or ports identified by the work order. Ascanner, as used herein, may refer to a device or one or more devicecomponents for communicating with one or more computing devices to, forexample, determine whether the computing devices are active, resolveidentifying information for the computing devices, scan ports andidentify services on the computing devices, etc. In some examples, ifthe attempted communication with a device is successful, a deviceindication for the device may be received by the system. In at least oneexample, the device indication may include an IP address, a device name,a uniform resource locator (URL) and/or the like. The device indicationmay be immediately processed or may be stored for processing in one ormore message queues or a data store.

In aspects, one or more protocol analyzers associated with the systemmay access at least one or more of the device indications. The protocolanalyzers may be configured to identify and/or determine informationrelated to the computing devices identified by the device indicationusing the work order, device indication information, and/or otherinformation. For example, a protocol analyzer may identify that a deviceindication or a work order comprising similar device indicationscorresponds to a particular protocol (e.g., Internet Control Messageprotocol (ICMP), Transmission Control Protocol (TCP), User DatagramProtocol (UDP), etc.), or service (e.g., File Transmission Protocol(FTP), Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP), Simple File Transfer Protocol(SFTP), etc.). In a particular example, a protocol analyzer may beconfigured to access and/or process only certain types of work orders,devices, protocols, services and/or identifying information. In such anexample, protocol analyzers may be grouped and/or assigned according toidentified functionality.

In some aspects, a protocol analyzer may use the determined informationto access a payload stored on the system or accessible to the system. Apayload, as used herein, may refer to a stream of data, portions of afile, or a file. In one example, a payload comprises data that may beused to solicit a response from the type of device indicated by theidentifying information. For example, a payload for a domain name server(DNS) server may include data and instructions configured to support aUDP wrapper and to receive a corresponding response from a computingdevice, whereas a payload for a FTP server may include data andinstructions configured to support a FTP wrapper and to receive adifferent corresponding response from a computing device. In otherexamples, the payload may additionally or alternately comprise data thatmay be used to detect malicious content and/or behavior on a computingdevice. In such an example, the payload may be generated by, forexample, reverse engineering known data and/or using pattern matchingtechniques on known data. Known data, as used herein, may refer to datathat has been previously analyzed to determine the presence of maliciouscontent, or data that has been identified to comprise malicious content.

In aspects, the protocol analyzers may transmit the accessed payload tothe device indicated by the identifying information. In examples, aplurality of protocol analyzers may be executed simultaneously andindependently from each other, such that a plurality of payloads aresimultaneously being transmitted to a plurality of computing devices. Insuch examples, this simultaneous (or near-simultaneous) execution ofprotocol analyzers may provide for the analysis of a plurality of IPaddresses (e.g., a designated range of IP addresses, the entire IPv4and/or IPv6 space, etc.) in approximately real time. In some aspects, ifthe response from the computing device matches a string expected by thesystem, the system may mark (or otherwise identify) the computing deviceaccordingly. In at least one example, the mark may indicate that thecomputing device is a safe and/or legitimate device. If the responsefrom the device does not match an expected string by the system, thesystem may mark (or otherwise identify) the computing device accordingly(e.g., the device may be marked as malicious or potentially unsafe). Inaspects, the responses from the computing devices and/or the marks madeby the system may be stored on the system or in a location accessible tothe system. For example, responses and/or marks may be copied to ahistorical analysis log that may be stored on the system and/or providedto a service or device.

Accordingly, the present disclosure provides a plurality of technicalbenefits including but not limited to: almost real time detection ofmalicious internet entities; multi-threaded IP scanning; reducing thetime to perform scans for malicious internet entities; providing anaccurate view of current internet trends; providing automatic,up-to-date threat detection and improving efficiency and quality forapplications/services utilizing examples of the present disclosure,among other examples.

FIG. 1 illustrates an overview of an example environment for providingreal-time scanning of IP addresses as described herein. Exemplary system100 presented is a combination of interdependent components thatinteract to form an integrated whole for personalizing natural languagesystems. Components of the systems may be hardware components orsoftware implemented on and/or executed by hardware components of thesystems. In examples, system 100 may include any of hardware components(e.g., used to execute/run operating system (OS)), and softwarecomponents (e.g., applications, application programming interfaces(APIs), modules, virtual machines, runtime libraries, etc.) running onhardware. In one example, an exemplary system 100 may provide anenvironment for software components to run, obey constraints set foroperating, and makes use of resources or facilities of the system 100,where components may be software (e.g., application, program, module,etc.) running on one or more processing devices. For instance, software(e.g., applications, operational instructions, modules, etc.) may be runon a processing device such as a computer, mobile device (e.g.,smartphone/phone, tablet) and/or any other electronic devices.

As one example, the system 100 comprises client device 102A, clientdevice 102B, distributed network 104, a distributed server environmentcomprising one or more servers such as server device 106A and serverdevice 106B, and an IP-scannable computing environment comprising one ormore devices such as computing device 108A, computing device 108B andcomputing device 108C. One of skill in the art will appreciate that thescale of systems such as system 100 may vary and may include more orfewer components than those described in FIG. 1. In some examples,interfacing between components of the system 100 may occur remotely, forexample where components of system 100 may be spread across one or moredevices of a distributed network.

The client device 102A, for example, may be configured to receive userinput via a user interface component or other input means. Examples ofinput may include voice, visual, touch and text input. In one example,the user interface component may provide access to a web portal thatprovides access to service and/or functionality of the real-time IPscanning system. In another example, the user interface component mayprovide access to a command line utility that provides access to thereal-time IP scanning system. In yet another example, the user interfacecomponent may only allow a user to schedule one or more jobs or workorders to be submitted to the real-time IP scanning system, whileprecluding the user from directly accessing the system. Client device102A may be further configured to transmit the input to a server device,such as server device 108, via distributed network 104.

Server device 106A may be configured to receive and process input fromclient devices, such as client device 102A. In examples, processing theinput may include generating and/or managing work orders (e.g., jobrequests) for the real-time IP scanning system. For example, the serverdevice 106A may receive work orders from client device 102A and clientdevice 102B. Server device 106A may add the work orders to one or morejob or message queues based on criteria such as order of receipt,requested functionality, estimated time of completion, estimatedresource requirements, etc. Server device 106A may then access andprocess one or more of the received work orders. In some examples,processing a work order may include parsing the work order to identify,for example, a targeted IP range, port, service, protocol, etc. Theidentified information may be used to determine or generate a range ofIP addresses or other device-identifying information. Server device 106Amay then attempt to communicate with identified devices, such ascomputing device 108A-C, via, for example, a ping request (e.g., anetwork utility for detecting the reachability of a device), an Nmaprequest (e.g., a network mapping utility for discovering network datafor a device) or similar requests. In at least one example, if anidentified device responds to the communication request, server device106A may add a device indicator for the identified device to one or morejob or message queues.

Server device 106A may be further configured to access and process oneor more device indicators. In examples, processing a device indicatormay include determining a port, service, protocol, etc. associated withthe device indicator and accessing a payload that is configured for thedevice. In at least one example, the payload may include data that maybe used to solicit a response from a device type indicated by a device.For example, a device indicator may indicate that a computing device,such as computing device 108A, is a mail server. Server device 106A mayaccess a payload that includes data and/or instructions to solicit anexpected response to a mail server-specific request. In another example,the payload may additionally or alternately comprise data that may beused to detect malicious content and/or behavior on a computing device.For example, server device 106A may access a payload generated to detectbotnets using, for example, pattern-matching techniques on known data. Abotnet, as used herein, may refer to one or more Internet-connectedcomputing devices that communicate with similar devices to completetasks and/or objectives.

Server device 106A may be further configured to transmit a payload andprocess the corresponding response. In examples, server device 106A maytransmit a payload to a computing device. In some examples, serverdevice 106A may determine whether the response from the computing devicematches an expected or acceptable string or value. When the responsematches an expected string, server device 106A may mark, flag orotherwise designate the computing device and/or the associated deviceindicator as legitimate or non-malicious. When the response does notmatch an expected string, server device 106A may mark, flag or otherwisedesignate the computing device and/or the associated device indicator asillegitimate or malicious. In other examples, server device 106A maydetermine whether the response includes malicious content and/or theserver exhibits malicious behavior. For example, even if the computingdevice provides an expected response for the identified computing devicetype, server device 106A may analyze the request to identify maliciousscripts and content. In a particular example, when server device 106Adetects malicious content in the response, server device 106A may mark,flag or otherwise designate the computing device and/or the associateddevice indicator as illegitimate or malicious.

FIG. 2 illustrates an exemplary system 200 for providing real-timescanning of IP addresses for as described herein. The real-time scanningtechniques implemented by system 200 may comprise the real-time scanningtechniques and input described in FIG. 1. In alternative examples, asingle system (comprising one or more components such as processorand/or memory) may perform processing described in systems 100 and 200,respectively. Further, system 200 may comprise a user interfacecomponent as described in the description of FIG. 1.

Exemplary system 200 may comprise user interface (UI) 202, controlengine 204, scanner 206, protocol analyzer 208 and analyzer 210. The UI202 may be a user interface or an API that is configured to receiveinput from a user, service and/or computing device. In some examples, UI202 may additionally be configured to allow a user, service and/orcomputing device to set and/or modify system parameters, settings andresources. For instance, UI 202 may provide for modifying the list ofprotocols and/or services supported by the system; assigning particularprotocols and/or services to protocol analyzers; setting system resourcelimitations (e.g., max thread counts, memory allocation, CPU usage,etc.); updating payload data; etc. In at least one example, UI 202 maytransmit the received input to a control engine, such as control engine204. Control engine 204 may be configured to generate one or more workorder requests (e.g., job requests) based on the received input. Inexamples, control engine 204 may parse the received input to identifyrequest data relating to, for example, one or more IP addresses, ports,services and/or protocols. Control engine 204 may use the identifiedinformation to generate a work order comprising one or more portions ofthe input. In some examples, control engine 204 may add the work ordersto a message queue, such as a work order queue.

Scanner 206 may be configured to access the message queue (e.g., workorder queue) and process work orders. In examples, scanner 206 mayselect or receive a work order to be processed from the message queueand may parse the work order to identify, for example, a targeted IPrange, port, service, protocol, etc. The identified information in thework order may be used to determine or generate a range of IP addressesor other device-identifying information. Scanner 206 may then attempt tocommunicate with identified devices via a network, such as distributednetwork 104. In a particular example, communicating with an identifieddevice may include transmitting a ping request from system 200 to theidentified device to determine whether the identified device, serviceand/or port are active. In another example, communicating with theidentified device may include transmitting from system 200 to theidentified device a data request for information, such as userinformation, device information, and/or network information. In aspects,if an identified device responds to the communication request, scanner206 may add a device indicator (e.g., IP address, device name, etc.) forthe identified device, or a representation thereof, to one or more jobor message queues, such as a device indicator queue.

Protocol analyzer 208 may be configured to access the message queue(e.g., device indicator queue) and process device indicators. Inexamples, protocol analyzer 208 may select or receive a device indicatorto be processed from the message queue and may parse the deviceindicator to identify, for example, one or more targeted IP ranges,ports, services, protocols, etc. associated with the device indicator.Using the parsed information, protocol analyzer 208 may identify and/oraccess a payload that is configured for the device associated with thedevice indicator. In at least one example, protocol analyzer 208generates and transmits a request for a payload to an analyzingcomponent, such as analyzer 210. The request may include work orderdata, device indicator data and the like.

Analyzer 210 may be configured to store and provide payloads. Inaspects, a payload may to a file In examples, analyzer 210 may parse areceived request from protocol analyzer 208 to determine one or morepayloads corresponding to the request. In one example, thisdetermination may be made by using a rule set accessible to analyzer210. In an alternate example, this determination may be made byproviding one or more portions of the parsed request to, for example, amachine-learned model accessible to analyzer 210. In aspects, thepayloads may be provided to or generated by analyzer 210, and may beupdated and/or modified manually or automatically according to apredefined schedule. For example, UI 202 may be used to provide, storeand/or modify payloads on system 200. The payloads may include data thatmay be used to solicit a response from a device type indicated by acomputing device and/or data that may be used to detect maliciouscontent and/or behavior from a computing device. In some examples, apayload may be a file, a data packet, or a portion thereof (e.g., thebody data of a data packet, as opposed to the header).

Protocol analyzer 208 may be further configured to transmit a payload.In examples, protocol analyzer 208 may transmit one or more receivedpayloads to a computing device indicated by the device indicator. In atleast one example, the one or more payloads may be combined into (orused to generate) a single payload. In another example, the one or morepayloads may be sent sequentially and/or based on one or more criteria.In aspects, transmitting the payload to the computing device may includeverifying information related to the identity of the computing device.For example, protocol analyzer 208 may attempt to identify and/or verifyone or more digital certificates installed on the computing device. In aparticular example, protocol analyzer 208 may attempt to verify thedigital certificates by executing a certificate checking service or APIaccessible to system 200. The certificate checking service may check adigital certificate to determine whether the digital certificate iscorrectly installed on the computing device and shows the correctcertificate details. In some aspects, if the one or more digitalcertificates installed on a computing device cannot be verified,protocol analyzer 208 may mark (or otherwise indicate that) thecomputing device and/or the associated device indicator as illegitimateor malicious.

Protocol analyzer 208 may be further configured to process a payloadresponse. In examples, protocol analyzer 208 may receive one or moreresponses from the client device that received the one or more payloads.Protocol analyzer 208 may process the responses in order to detectmalicious and/or malfunctioning devices and suspicious behavior. Forexample, protocol analyzer 208 may receive and parse a response to apayload including data that may be used to solicit a response from adevice type indicated by a device. Protocol analyzer 208 may thencompare the response data to a string or value that is expected for thedevice type. When the response data matches the expected string,protocol analyzer 208 may cause the computing device and/or theassociated device indicator to be marked, flagged or otherwisedesignated as legitimate or non-malicious. In some examples, marking thecomputing device and/or the associated device indicator may includeattaching an indication to the device indicator, storing the result in adata store, presenting the result to a user, etc. When the response datadoes not match an expected string, protocol analyzer 208 may cause thecomputing device and/or the associated device indicator to be marked,flagged or otherwise designated as illegitimate or malicious.

In aspects, alternately to or additionally to processing the payloadincluding data that may be used to solicit a response from a computingdevice, protocol analyzer 208 may receive and parse a response to apayload including data that may be used to determine whether theresponse includes malicious content and/or the server exhibits maliciousbehavior. Protocol analyzer 208 may then use one or morepattern-matching techniques to compare the response data to known data.In some aspects, the known data may correspond to previously identifiedmalicious and/or unauthorized data, scripts, services, techniques and/orentities. In such aspects, the response data and known data may becompared using rule-based techniques or machine-learned models. When theresponse data matches the known data or malicious content is otherwisedetermined in the response, protocol analyzer 208 may cause thecomputing device and/or the associated device indicator to be marked,flagged or otherwise designated as illegitimate or malicious. In oneexample, protocol analyzer 208 may mark a device indicator as maliciouseven though the device indicator may have been marked as legitimateand/or non-malicious previously in the payload analysis process.

Protocol analyzer 208 may be further configured to record the results ofthe payload analyses. In aspects, protocol analyzer 208 may recordand/or store the result of the payload processing for one or more of theclient identifiers. For example, protocol analyzer 208 may store theresults of the packet processing described above in one or more tablesof a database. The results may be stored according to, for example,device identifier, date/time, work order type, result, etc. In at leastone example, the stored results may be made accessible to a user via,for example, UI 202. UI 202 may be configured to allow the stored datato be manipulated and presented in various formats (e.g., a historicalanalysis of a particular IP address, recent trends for particularprotocols, aggregate totals of identified malicious content per port,etc.).

In some aspects, the various components of exemplary system 200 mayscalable to account for the changing conditions, work demands and/orresource availability of exemplary system 200. For example, exemplarysystem 200 may allocate or assign a certain number of scanners whenexemplary system 200 is initiated. As the number of requests receivedand/or work orders generated increases, or as the system processingusage increases, a threshold may be exceeded. The threshold maycorrespond to a selected or pre-defined metric, such as an amount ofwork orders, one or more system processing metrics, a time period (e.g.,peak hours, weekends, maintenance hours, etc.), a system activityanalysis, a number of active connections to the system, etc. In responseto meeting or exceeding the threshold, exemplary system 200 mayallocate, instantiate or otherwise initiate additional scanners tofacilitate timely processing of the additional work orders or work orderload. In such an example, when a value of the metric decreases to orbelow the threshold, exemplary system 200 may deallocate or deactivate acertain number of scanners; thereby, efficiently performing dynamicrun-time scaling of the system based upon current system activity.

In another example, exemplary system 200 may additionally or alternatelyallocate or assign a certain number of protocol analyzers when exemplarysystem 200 is initiated. Based on the number of device indicators in thedevice indicator queue, exemplary system 200 may activate or deactivatea certain number of protocol analyzers. For instance, as the number ofdevice indicators or device types for the device indicators increases, athreshold may be exceeded. As discussed above, the threshold maycorrespond to a selected or pre-defined metric. In response to meetingor exceeding the threshold, exemplary system 200 may allocate,instantiate or otherwise initiate additional protocol analyzers tofacilitate timely processing of the additional device indicators and/ordevice indicator types. In such an example, when a value of the metricdecreases to or below the threshold, exemplary system 200 may deallocateor deactivate a certain number of protocol analyzers.

FIG. 3 illustrates example methods of providing real-time scanning of IPaddresses as described herein. In aspects, method 300 may be executed byan exemplary system such as system 200 of FIG. 2. In examples, method300 may be executed on a device comprising at least one processorconfigured to store and execute operations, programs or instructions.However, method 300 are not limited to such examples. In other examples,method 300 may be performed on an application or service for real-timeIP scanning. In at least one example, method 300 may be executed (e.g.,computer-implemented operations) by one or more components of adistributed network, for instance, a web service/distributed networkservice (e.g. cloud service) to leverage real-time and/or approximatelyreal-time IP scanning techniques.

Exemplary method 300 begins at operation 302 where input may be receivedby a real-time IP scanning system, such as exemplary system 200. Inaspects, the input may be received from, for example, a client devicevia a user interface, such as UI 202. The user interface may include oneor more of a web portal, an API and a command line utility. In someexamples, the real-time IP scanning system may receive a request toinitiate an on-demand scan or establish a schedule of scans, to accessand/or manipulate one or more current or previous analyses (describedmore below), to generate and/or modify a payload (described more below),and the like. For example, the input may include an on-demand request toscan for malicious entities using ports 80 or 443 in the IPv4 space. Inother examples, the real-time IP scanning system may receive one or morebatch jobs including one or more requests to be processed at predefinedtimes or according to certain criteria.

At operation 304, work orders may be generated using the input. Inaspects, the data in the input may be used by, for example, controlengine 204 to generate one or more work orders. In some aspects, theabove exemplary on-demand request may be used to generate a single workorder including a request to scan entities using ports 80 and 443 in theIPv4 space. In other aspects, the above exemplary on-demand request maybe used to generate a plurality of work orders. In such aspects, thereal-time IP scanning system may perform processing on the input priorto generating work orders. For example, the real-time IP scanning systemmay determine that, because the count of entities using ports 80 and 443in the IPv4 space is above a predetermined threshold, a plurality ofwork orders are to be generated. In another example, the real-time IPscanning system may determine that each port (or service, protocol,etc.) in a request warrants a separate work order. In yet anotherexample, the real-time IP scanning system may use system performancediagnostics (e.g., CPU load, idle processors, etc.) to determine thenumber of work orders to generate. In aspects, the generated work ordersmay be added to a queue or to a list of work orders.

At operation 306, work orders may be processed. In aspects, the workorders may be selected by or provided to one or more scanningcomponents, such as scanner 206. The scanning components may beconfigured to communicate with and/or identify computing devicesmatching the requirements in a work order. In examples, the scanningcomponents may select work orders from a work order queue based on oneor more criteria. For example, the work order may be selected from thequeue in a first-in, first-out (FIFO) method. In another example, thework orders may be selected from the queue based on the availability ofa scanning component that can process the work order. In such asexample, one or more scanning components may not be configured toprocess certain work order types and/or content. In yet another example,the work orders may be selected from the queue based on the currentand/or anticipated resources of the real-time IP scanning system. Forexample, a work order comprising a potentially large number ofidentified computing devices may be bypassed in a queue by a scanningcomponent in order for the scanning component to process alater-arriving work order comprising a potentially low number ofidentified computing devices. In yet another example, the work ordersmay be selected from the queue based on how recently a work order forthe same (or a substantially similar) data has been processed. Forexample, a scanning component may bypass a work order if a work orderfor the same data is currently being processed, has recently processed,or is scheduled to be processed (e.g., as part of a batch job). Inaspects, after accessing a work order, the real-time IP scanning systemmay attempt to communicate with each of the computing devices designatedin the work order. For example, a scanning component that has accessed awork order to scan for entities using port 80, may provide a pingrequest, an Nmap request, or similar communication to each computingdevice in the IPv4 space that is currently using port 80.

At operation 308, device information may be received. In aspects, areal-time IP scanning system, such as exemplary system 200, may receiveresponses to the communication requests transmitted to the computingdevices designated in the work order. In examples, the responses maycomprise ping responses (or similar communication). In such examples,information identifying the computing devices (e.g., IP address,hostname, URL, etc.) may be identified and extracted from the response.In one example, the identifying information may be identified usingregular expression matching techniques. In some aspects, the identifiedand/or extracted information may be added to a queue or similar datastructure. For example, IP addresses extracted from ping responses maybe added to an IP address queue comprising the IP addresses of one ormore computing devices identified in the work order. As another example,IP addresses, ports, and/or device type-identifying informationextracted from a Nmap response may be added to a database table or file.

At operation 310, device information may be processed. In aspects, thedevice data (e.g., IP address, hostname, URL, etc.) may be selected byor provided to one or more protocol analyzers, such as protocol analyzer208. In examples, the protocol analyzers may select device data from adevice data queue or database table based on one or more criteria, asdescribed in operation 306. The selected device data may be used toidentify a payload corresponding to the computing device identified bythe device data. For example, device data may indicate that a computingdevice is a mail server that has an open SMTP service on port 25. Usingthis information, a protocol analyzer may search for, identify and/orreceive a payload from, for example, analyzer 210 that is configured tosolicit a response from a mail server. In a particular example, aprotocol analyzer may search a data repository of payloads for acategory, such as device type (e.g., mail server). The payload mayinclude, for example, a mail server-specific command, such as HELO(e.g., an SMTP command that identifies a sender device and initiates anSMTP conversation). In aspects, such a payload may additionally oralternately include data to detect the malicious behavior of a service,protocol, and/or entity. For example, the payload may include datagenerated using pattern matching techniques on known data from contentsuch as malicious scripts, phishing sites, botnets, open web proxies,and the like. In such aspects, the known data may be generated and/ormodified manually or automatically at regular intervals. For example,the known data may be updated using a threat description list, a virusdefinition list, an antivirus service, etc.

At operation 312, a payload test may be performed. In aspects, aprotocol analyzer, such as protocol analyzer 208, may transmit one ormore payloads to the computing device identified by the device data, andthe protocol analyzer may receive one or more responses from thecomputing device. In examples, the responses may include a reply to adevice-type specific command or prompt an expected action. For example,in response to the above HELO command, the computing device may send aresponse that includes the expected string “250 Hello.” As a result, theprotocol analyzer may mark, flag or otherwise designate the computingdevice and/or the associated device data as legitimate, non-malicious,or the like. In an alternate example, in response to the above HELOcommand, the computing device may not send a response or may send aresponse that does not include an expected or acceptable string, valueand/or action. As a result, the protocol analyzer may mark, flag orotherwise designate the computing device and/or the associated devicedata as illegitimate, malicious or otherwise non-conforming.

In some examples, the responses may additionally or alternately includemalicious content and/or links to malicious content, or prompt maliciousbehavior. For example, the computing device may embed a malicious scriptand/or a link to a phishing website in the response. As a result, theprotocol analyzer (having identified at least the presence of themalicious content) may mark, flag or otherwise designate the computingdevice and/or the associated device data as illegitimate, malicious orotherwise non-conforming. In a particular example, in response to theabove HELO command, the computing device may send a plurality ofresponses. The first response may include the expected string “250Hello.” As a result, the protocol analyzer may first mark the computingdevice and/or the associated device data as non-malicious. The secondresponse, however, may include an unexpected string and/or maliciouscontent. As a result, the protocol analyzer may mark the computingdevice and/or the associated device data as malicious. Alternately, theprotocol analyzer may refrain from marking the computing device and/orthe associated device data until the all of the responses for thecomputing device have been identified and processed as malicious. Insuch an example, the protocol analyzer may simply provide an indicatorthat the computing device and/or the associated device data aremalicious or non-conforming.

At operation 314, results of the payload analysis may be processed. Inaspects, one or more payload analyzers, such as protocol analyzer 208,may record and/or store the result of the payload processing for one ormore computing devices. In examples, a protocol analyzer may store theresults of the packet processing described above in one or more datastores. The results may be stored according to, for example, deviceidentifier, date/time, work order type, result, or the like. In at leastone example, the stored results may be made accessible to a user via aninterface, such as a web portal, a UI or an API. The interface may beconfigured to allow the stored data to be manipulated and presented invarious formats (e.g., a historical analysis of a particular IP address,recent trends for particular protocols, aggregate totals of identifiedmalicious content per port, etc.).

FIG. 4 illustrates one example of a suitable operating environment 400in which one or more of the present embodiments may be implemented. Thisis only one example of a suitable operating environment and is notintended to suggest any limitation as to the scope of use orfunctionality. Other well-known computing systems, environments, and/orconfigurations that may be suitable for use include, but are not limitedto, personal computers, server computers, hand-held or laptop devices,multiprocessor systems, microprocessor-based systems, programmableconsumer electronics such as smart phones, network PCs, minicomputers,mainframe computers, distributed computing environments that include anyof the above systems or devices, and the like.

In its most basic configuration, operating environment 400 typicallyincludes at least one processing unit 402 and memory 404. Depending onthe exact configuration and type of computing device, memory 404(storing, among other things, reputation information, categoryinformation, cached entries, instructions to perform the methodsdisclosed herein, etc.) may be volatile (such as RAM), non-volatile(such as ROM, flash memory, etc.), or some combination of the two. Thismost basic configuration is illustrated in FIG. 4 by dashed line 406.Further, environment 400 may also include storage devices (removable,408, and/or non-removable, 410) including, but not limited to, magneticor optical disks or tape. Similarly, environment 400 may also have inputdevice(s) 414 such as keyboard, mouse, pen, voice input, etc. and/oroutput device(s) 416 such as a display, speakers, printer, etc. Alsoincluded in the environment may be one or more communicationconnections, 412, such as LAN, WAN, point to point, etc.

Operating environment 400 typically includes at least some form ofcomputer readable media. Computer readable media can be any availablemedia that can be accessed by processing unit 402 or other devicescomprising the operating environment. By way of example, and notlimitation, computer readable media may comprise computer storage mediaand communication media. Computer storage media includes volatile andnonvolatile, removable and non-removable media implemented in any methodor technology for storage of information such as computer readableinstructions, data structures, program modules or other data. Computerstorage media includes, RAM, ROM, EEPROM, flash memory or other memorytechnology, CD-ROM, digital versatile disks (DVD) or other opticalstorage, magnetic cassettes, magnetic tape, magnetic disk storage orother magnetic storage devices, or any other tangible medium which canbe used to store the desired information. Computer storage media doesnot include communication media.

Communication media embodies computer readable instructions, datastructures, program modules, or other data in a modulated data signalsuch as a carrier wave or other transport mechanism and includes anyinformation delivery media. The term “modulated data signal” means asignal that has one or more of its characteristics set or changed insuch a manner as to encode information in the signal. By way of example,and not limitation, communication media includes wired media such as awired network or direct-wired connection, and wireless media such asacoustic, RF, infrared and other wireless media. Combinations of the anyof the above should also be included within the scope of computerreadable media.

The operating environment 400 may be a single computer operating in anetworked environment using logical connections to one or more remotecomputers. The remote computer may be a personal computer, a server, arouter, a network PC, a peer device or other common network node, andtypically includes many or all of the elements described above as wellas others not so mentioned. The logical connections may include anymethod supported by available communications media. Such networkingenvironments are commonplace in offices, enterprise-wide computernetworks, intranets and the Internet.

Aspects of the present disclosure, for example, are described above withreference to block diagrams and/or operational illustrations of methods,systems, and computer program products according to aspects of thedisclosure. The functions/acts noted in the blocks may occur out of theorder as shown in any flowchart. For example, two blocks shown insuccession may in fact be executed substantially concurrently or theblocks may sometimes be executed in the reverse order, depending uponthe functionality/acts involved.

The description and illustration of one or more aspects provided in thisapplication are not intended to limit or restrict the scope of thedisclosure as claimed in any way. The aspects, examples, and detailsprovided in this application are considered sufficient to conveypossession and enable others to make and use the best mode of claimeddisclosure. The claimed disclosure should not be construed as beinglimited to any aspect, example, or detail provided in this application.Regardless of whether shown and described in combination or separately,the various features (both structural and methodological) are intendedto be selectively included or omitted to produce an embodiment with aparticular set of features. Having been provided with the descriptionand illustration of the present application, one skilled in the art mayenvision variations, modifications, and alternate aspects falling withinthe spirit of the broader aspects of the general inventive conceptembodied in this application that do not depart from the broader scopeof the claimed disclosure.

What is claimed is:
 1. A system comprising: a processor; and memorycoupled to the processor, the memory comprising computer executableinstructions that, when executed by the processor, performs a method forproviding real-time scanning of client devices, the method comprising,at a server device: receiving input from a client device via a userinterface; identifying request details from the input; generating a workorder request based on the request details; processing the work orderrequest, the processing including: determining device-identifyinginformation for the work order request; identifying a computing deviceusing the device-identifying information; communicating with thecomputing device; receiving device information from the computingdevice, the device information including a device indicator associatedwith the computing device; selecting a payload for the computing device,wherein selection of the payload is predefined based on the deviceindicator, wherein the payload is selected based on an identified typeof the computing device by providing the identified type for thecomputing device to a machine learning model, the payload comprisingdata configured for the identified type of device to solicit an expectedresponse from the identified type of device; providing the selectedpayload to the computing device; receiving a payload response from thecomputing device; and detecting an unauthorized computing device basedon the payload response.
 2. The system of claim 1, wherein the requestdetails comprise information associated with the client device,including at least one of its IP address, ports, services and protocols.3. The system of claim 2, wherein the device-identifying informationincludes at least one of a port, a service, and a protocol.
 4. Thesystem of claim 1, wherein communicating with the computing devicefurther comprises transmitting a ping request to the computing device todetermine whether the computing device is active.
 5. The system of claim1, wherein communicating with the computing device further comprisestransmitting a data request for information to the computing device,wherein the data request for information includes a request for at leastone of user information, device information, and network information. 6.The system of claim 1, wherein the device indicator is selected from thelist including an IP address, a port, a service, and a protocol.
 7. Amethod for providing real-time scanning of IP addresses, the methodcomprising: receiving, at a server device, input from a client devicevia a user interface; identifying request details from the input;generating a work order request based on the request details; processingthe work order request, the processing including: determiningdevice-identifying information for the work order request; identifying acomputing device using the device-identifying information; communicatingwith the computing device; receiving device information from thecomputing device, the device information including a device indicatorassociated with the computing device; selecting a payload for thecomputing device, wherein selection of the payload is predefined basedon the device indicator, wherein the payload is selected based on anidentified type of the computing device by providing the identified typefor the computing device to a machine learning model, the payloadcomprising data configured for the identified type of device to solicitan expected response from the identified type of device; providing theselected payload to the computing device; receiving a payload responsefrom the computing device; and detecting an unauthorized computingdevice based on the payload response.
 8. The method of claim 7, whereinthe device-identifying information includes at least one of a port, aservice, and a protocol.
 9. The method of claim 7, wherein communicatingwith the computing device further comprises transmitting a ping requestto the computing device to determine whether the computing device isactive.
 10. The method of claim 7, wherein communicating with thecomputing device further comprises transmitting a data request forinformation to the computing device, wherein the data request forinformation includes a request for at least one of user information,device information, and network information.
 11. A non-transitorycomputer-readable media storing computer executable instructions thatwhen executed cause a computing system to perform a method for providingreal-time scanning of IP addresses, the method comprising: receiving, ata server device, input from a client device via a user interface;identifying request details from the input; generating a work orderrequest based on the request details; processing the work order request,the processing including: determining device-identifying information forthe work order request; identifying a computing device using thedevice-identifying information; communicating with the computing device;receiving device information from the computing device, the deviceinformation including a device indicator associated with the computingdevice; selecting a payload for the computing device, wherein selectionof the payload is predefined based on the device indicator, wherein thepayload is selected based on an identified type of the computing deviceby providing the identified type for the computing device to a machinelearning model, the payload comprising data configured for theidentified type of device to solicit an expected response from theidentified type of device; providing the selected payload to thecomputing device; receiving a payload response from the computingdevice; and detecting an unauthorized computing device based on thepayload response.
 12. The computer-readable media of claim 11, whereincommunicating with the computing device further comprises transmitting aping request to the computing device to determine whether the computingdevice is active.
 13. The computer-readable media of claim 11, whereincommunicating with the computing device further comprises transmitting adata request for information to the computing device, wherein the datarequest for information includes a request for at least one of userinformation, device information, and network information.
 14. Thecomputer-readable media of claim 11, wherein the request detailscomprise information associated with the client device, including atleast one of its IP address, ports, services and protocols.
 15. Thecomputer-readable media of claim 14, wherein the device-identifyinginformation includes at least one of a port, a service, and a protocol.